In Tarija music and dance styles include the chacarera, cueca, contrapunto, tonada, estampa, rueda chapaca, and more, but none is more typical or truly "tarijeño" than the chacarera. In Bolivia's southern vineyard region music and culture are influenced both by other regions of Bolivia, and by Argentina. Tourists especially enjoy the "zapateo" (the fast jig-like foot movements) of male dancers who wear clothing, boots and hats similar to those of the Argentine "gauchos", although they don't enjoy being compared to them. The skirt-spinning cueca and circular "rueda chapaca" are also very popular and the violin and guitar are in them all.

Music in Tarija is pícara (flirty) and soulful, like tarijeños themselves, and very different from any other Bolivian region.